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Tongkat Ali extract may support immune health: study. discovery by scientist from Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan. Original Article - keywords,tongkat ali, eurycomanone, comprehensive immunity, scoring of immunological vigor. Worldwide Patents US 7 132 117 B2, Europe Specification Patent EP 1313 491 B1, Japan Patent JP 560 7013 and Malaysia Patent MY 134 876.

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Tongkat Ali has been shown to improve a set of comprehensive immunity markers in moderately stressed subjects & shows ‘Anti- Viral  Effects Against Dengue’ & both these findings successfully patented.











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CLINICALLY PROVEN & published. (original article).
Tongkat Ali Affects Immune System In Study.



Bradenton, FL—A standardized tongkat ali (TA) supplement supports healthy immunomodulation, according to new research lead by a team from Biotropics Malaysia.
The month-long study involved 81 Japanese subjects that took 200mg/day of TA or a placebo. Everyone had fairly low scores on the Scoring of Immunological Vigor (SIV) scale. SIV is an index of immune function.  
After four weeks, the SIV and immunological scores were significantly higher in the TA group than in the placebo group. Counts for total, naïve, and CD4+ T cells were also higher in the TA group, which suggest improvements in cell-mediated immunity.
The study was conducted on a branded extract, LJ100, from HP Ingredients, based here. The data are published in Phytotherapy Research.







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Tongkat Ali Extract Promotes Immune Health in Middle-Aged Adults, Study Suggests
·        
      Michael Crane
Jun 22, 2016
·         ScienceHerbs & BotanicalsImmune Support





·     Tongkat ali (Eurycoma longifolia) may be known for its testosterone-boosting potential, but results of a new clinical trial suggest a standardized tongkat ali extract may also support immune health in middle-aged adults.

·  Researchers found that LJ100 tongkat ali root water extract from HP Ingredients (Bradenton, FL) may may improve “comprehensive immunity” and raise the numbers of total, naïve, and CD4+ T cells in both Japanese men and women aged 40–59. The study authors also noted this is the first time such an immune effect has been observed after supplementation with tongkat ali.




·     For four weeks, 81 subjects were randomized to consume either 200 mg per day of LJ100 or a placebo, with immune parameters assessed at the start and conclusion of the four-week experimental period. The 81 participants were selected from a larger group of 126 subjects because they posted lower baseline scores on the Scoring of Immunological Vigor (SIV) assessment, an immune evaluation method designed to describe “comprehensive immunity,” rather than interpreting each immune function separately, according to the study authors.

·         At week four, researchers found that SIV and immunological grade were significantly higher in the LJ100 group than the placebo group, with particular increases found in total, naïve, and CD4+ T cells. This may indicate improved adaptive, or cell-mediated, immunity, researchers explained.
·         
     Additionally, the immunological age of the LJ100 group was found to be four years younger than the placebo group at the end of the experimental period, and the LJ100 group also had significantly higher numbers of lymphocytes.
·         “Our findings indicate for the first time the immune-related improvements following the ingestion of the propriety water extract of tongkat ali,” researchers concluded.
·         No serious adverse events were reported in the study.
·          
·         Read more:
·          
·         Michael Crane
Associate Editor
Nutritional Outlook Magazine
michael.crane@ubm.com
·         

     References: 
·         George A et al., “Immunomodulation in middle-aged humans via the ingestion of LJ100/Physta standardized root extract of Eurycoma longifolia jack—a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel study,” Phytotherapy Research, vol. 30, no. 4 (April 2016): 627–635










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Research Article.

Effects of a Proprietary Freeze-Dried Water Extract of
Eurycoma longifolia (Physta) and Polygonum minus on
Sexual Performance and Well-Being in Men: A Randomized,
Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study


Jay K. Udani,1,2 Annie A. George,3 Mufiza Musthapa,3
Michael N. Pakdaman,1 and Azreena Abas3


1 Medicus Research LLC, Northridge, CA 91325, USA
2Northridge Hospital Integrative Medicine Program, Northridge, CA 91325, USA
3 Biotropics Malaysia Berhad, Level 52, Menara TM, Jalan Pantai Baharu, 50672 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Correspondence should be addressed to Jay K. Udani; jay.udani@medicusresearch.com
Received 16 July 2013; Revised 1 November 2013; Accepted 11 November 2013; Published 12 January 2014
Academic Editor: Shun-Wan Chan


Copyright © 2014 Jay K. Udani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.



Background. Physta is a proprietary product containing a freeze-dried water extract of Eurycoma longifolia (tongkat ali), which is traditionally used as an energy enhancer and aphrodisiac.We aimto evaluate a 300mg combination of Physta and Polygonumminus, an antioxidant,with regard to sexual performance and well-being in men. Methods.Men that aged 40–65 years were screened for this 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Outcome measures included validated questionnaires that aimed to evaluate erectile function, satisfaction with intervention, sexual intercourse performance, erectile hardness, mood, and overall quality of life. Results. 12 subjects in the active group and 14 in the placebo group completed the study. Significant improvements were noted in scores for the Sexual Intercourse Attempt diary, Erection Hardness Scale, Sexual Health Inventory of Men, and Aging Male Symptom scale (𝑃 < 0.05 for all). Three adverse events were reported in the active group and four in the placebo group, none of which were attributed to study product. Laboratory evaluations, including liver and kidney function testing, showed no clinically significant abnormality. Conclusion. Supplementation for twelve weeks with Polygonum minus and the proprietary Eurycoma longifolia extract, Physta,was well tolerated and more effective than placebo in enhancing sexual performance in healthy volunteers.









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J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2013; 10: 28.
Published online 2013 May 26. doi:  10.1186/1550-2783-10-28
PMCID: PMC3669033
PMID: 23705671
Effect of Tongkat Ali on stress hormones and psychological mood state in moderately stressed subjects
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC.

Abstract


Background

Eurycoma longifolia is an herbal medicinal plant found in South East Asia (Malaysia, Vietnam, Java, Sumatra, Thailand). In Malaysia, it is commonly called tongkat ali and has a range of medicinal properties as a general health tonic, including improvement in physical and mental energy levels and overall quality of life [,]. The roots of tongkat ali, often called “Malaysian ginseng”, are used as an adaptogen and as a traditional “anti-aging” remedy to help older individuals adapt to the reduced energy, mood, and libido that often comes with age [-]. In modern dietary supplements, tongkat ali can be found in a variety of products intended to improve libido and energy, restore hormonal balance (cortisol/testosterone levels) and enhance both sports performance and weight loss. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tongkat ali extract on stress hormone balance (cortisol/testosterone) and psychological mood state in moderately stressed subjects.
In both men and women, testosterone levels peak between 25 to 30 years of age - and thereafter drop approximately 1-2% annually [,]. At the age of 60, testosterone levels are typically only 40-50% of youthful levels and may be lower due to stress and related lifestyle issues such as diet, exercise, and sleep patterns [,]. The benefits of maintaining a youthful testosterone levels are many, including increased muscle mass and reduced body fat, high psychological vigor (mental/physical energy), and improved general well-being [,].   




Eurycoma contains a group of small peptides referred to as “eurypeptides” that are known to have effects in improving energy status and sex drive in studies of rodents [-]. The effects of tongkat ali in restoring normal testosterone levels appears to be less due to actually “stimulating” testosterone synthesis, but rather by increasing the release rate of “free” testosterone from its binding hormone, sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG) [,]. In this way, eurycoma may be considered not so much a testosterone “booster” (such as an anabolic steroid), but rather a “maintainer” of normal testosterone levels and a “restorer” of normal testosterone levels (from “low” back “up” to normal ranges) []. This would make eurycoma particularly beneficial for individuals with sub-normal testosterone levels, including those who are dieting for weight loss, middle-aged individuals suffering with fatigue or depression, and intensely training athletes who may be at risk for overtraining [,].

Traditional use

Decoctions of tongkat ali roots have been used for centuries in Malaysia and Southeast Asia as an aphrodisiac for loss of sexual desire and impotence, as well as to treat a range of ailments including post-partum depression, malaria, high blood pressure, and fatigue [].

Tongkat ali has been referred to as Malaysia’s “home-grown Viagra” [] with the Malaysian government investing considerable effort to license, develop, and sustain research into the potential health benefits of Eurycoma longifolia through a variety of governmental organizations, including the Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FIRM) [].

Modern extracts

Numerous commercial tongkat ali supplements claim “extract ratios” from 1:20 to 1:200 without any information about bioactive constituents, extraction methodology (e.g. ethanol versus water), or extract purity. Alcohol extracts of eurycoma have been studied in mice for antimalarial effects of concentrated eurycomalactone [] but also exhibit toxic effects at high doses (LD50 at 2.6 g/kg), which would preclude safe use in humans as a long-term dietary supplement [,]. In contrast, hot-water root extracts standardized for known bioactive components (1% eurycomanone, 22% protein, 30% polysaccharides, 35% glycosaponin) have been demonstrated to be extremely safe at high doses and for long-term consumption [-]. 
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Properly standardized hot-water extracts [,,] have a distinctly bitter taste due to the presence of quassinoids, which are recognized as some of the bitterest compounds in nature [,]. Tongkat ali extracts that do not taste bitter are either not true Eurycoma longifolia root (there are many commercial examples of “fake” tongkat ali extracts) or are sub-potent in terms of bioactive constituents, and thus would also be expected to have low efficacy. Because of tongkat ali’s reputation for libido benefits, there are several examples of dietary supplements labeled as Eurycoma longifolia, but containing none of the actual root, and instead being “spiked” with prescription erectile dysfunction drugs including tadalafil/Cialis, sildenafil/Viagra, and vardenafil/Levitra [4, personal communication].

Laboratory and animal research

Bhat and Karim [] conducted an ethnobotanical and pharmacological review on tongkat ali, noting that laboratory research such as cell assay studies offer possible mechanistic support for the myriad traditional uses of tongkat ali, including aphrodisiac [], antimalarial [], antimicrobial [], anti-cancer [], and anti-diabetic effects [].
Numerous rodent studies exist demonstrating reduced anxiety and improved sexual performance following tongkat ali feeding [-], with such effects thought to be due to a restoration of normal testosterone levels. Eurycoma’s anxiolytic effects have been demonstrated in a variety of behavioral tests, including elevated plus-maze, open field, and anti-fighting, suggesting an equivalent anti-anxiety effect to diazepam as a positive control [].
Animal studies have shown that many of the effects of the extract are mediated by its glycoprotein components []. The mechanism of action of the bioactive complex polypeptides (“eurypeptides” with 36 amino acids) has been shown to activate the CYP17 enzyme (17 alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20 lyase) to enhance the metabolism of pregnenolone and progesterone to yield more DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) and androstenedione, respectively []. This glycoprotein water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia has been shown to deliver anti-aging and anti-stress benefits subsequent to its testosterone-balancing effects [,].
Oral toxicity studies (Wistar rats) have determined the LD50 of tongkat ali root extract as 2,000 mg/kg body weight (acute) and the NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) as greater than 1,000 mg/kg body weight (28-day sub-acute feeding), resulting in a classification as Category 5 (extremely safe) according to the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS).
In addition to the very high safety profile demonstrated in the rodent toxicity studies, there are no reported adverse side effects in human studies of tali supplementation. For example, one 2-month human supplementation trial [] of twenty healthy males (age range 38–58), found high doses of Eurycoma longifolia extract (600 mg/day) to have no influence on blood profiles (hemoglobin, RBC, WBC, etc.) or any deleterious effects on measures of liver or renal function. Typical dosage recommendations, based on traditional use and on the available scientific evidence in humans, including dieters and athletes, call for 50-200 mg/day of a water-extracted tongkat ali root standardized to 22% eurypeptides.

Human supplementation trials

Based on a long history of traditional use and confirmation of biological activity via cell culture and animal feeding studies, several human supplementation studies have been conducted to evaluate the potential benefits of tongkat ali for sexual function, exercise performance, weight loss, and vigor (mental/physical energy).
Importantly, all of the human trials have used the same water-extracted and standardized eurycoma root for which a patent has been issued jointly to the Government of Malaysia and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (United States Patent #7,132,117) []. The patent discloses a process whereby Eurycoma longifolia roots undergo an aqueous extraction combined with HPLC and size-exclusion chromatography to yield a bioactive peptide fraction (a 4300 dalton glycopeptide with 36 amino acids) that is responsible for its effects in maintaining testosterone levels. The bioactive fraction of Eurycoma longifolia root delivers a demonstrated ability to improve testosterone levels [], increase muscle size and strength [,], improve overall well-being [,], accelerate recovery from exercise [] enhance weight loss [,], reduce stress [], and reduce symptoms of fatigue [-].
Based on it’s long history of traditional medicinal use as an “anti-aging” remedy and the series of animal and human supplementation studies investigating it’s use as a physical and mental performance aid, we undertook a study of the effects of tongkat ali root extract supplementation in moderately stressed subjects. Our hypothesis was that tongkat ali supplementation may influence anabolic/catabolic stress hormone balance and mood state parameters in a group of volunteers with moderate stress levels.




Methods

All procedures, measurements, and informed consent processes were reviewed and approved by an external third-party review board (Aspire IRB; Santee, CA).
Subjects were recruited in and around Salt Lake City, Utah via flyers asking for volunteers with “moderate stress levels”. We screened approximately 75 subjects for moderate levels of psychological stress. Our intention was to complete the study with 60 subjects (30 subjects per treatment group). We used a screening survey that we have used in past studies of stress/mood to identify individuals with moderately elevated levels of perceived stress [,,-]. Subjects scoring 6 or greater on this screening survey indicated eligibility for enrollment into the supplementation study (a score of 6–10 indicates moderate stress).
Sixty-four (64) subjects (32 men and 32 women) were randomized to receive tongkat ali (TA; 200 mg/day of Physta™, Biotropics Malaysia Berhad; 32 subjects) or look-alike placebo (PL; 32 subjects) for 4 weeks. The 4-week duration was selected as more representative of persistent changes in mood state that may result from superior hormone balance, as opposed to short-term changes in emotions that may be more closely linked with stressors of daily living.
At Baseline (week 0) and Post-supplementation (week 4), we assessed Mood State and Hormone Profile as our primary outcome measurements. Secondary measurements were made of liver enzymes (ALT; alanine aminotransferase and AST; aspartate aminotransferase; Alere Cholestech, Waltham, MA), body weight, and body fat percentage (Tanita; TBF-300A, Arlington Heights, IL).
Mood State (Vigor, Depression, Anger, Confusion, Fatigue, and Anxiety) was assessed using the validated Profile of Mood States (POMS) survey. Hormone profile (cortisol and testosterone) was assessed in saliva samples collected at three time points during each collection day (morning, afternoon, and evening). Saliva samples were analyzed for free cortisol and free testosterone by enzyme immunoassay (Salimetrics; State College, PA).
Results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with significance set at p < 0.05.
Sixty-three subjects (32 men and 31 women) completed the study, with one woman in the supplement group lost to follow up (did not return final samples).



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Results

Three subjects reported feeling unusually fatigued during the first two weeks of the study (two subjects in the TA group and 1 subject in the placebo group). There were no other adverse events or side effects reported.


An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is 1550-2783-10-28-1.jpgOver the course of the supplementation period, there were no significant changes in markers of liver function (AST/ALT), body weight or body fat percentage.
Mood state parameters showed mixed results (Figure 1), with no effect observed between supplementation groups for indices of Depression, Vigor, or Fatigue, whereas significant improvements were found in the TA group for Tension (−11%), Anger (−12%), and Confusion (−15%) compared to placebo. A non-significant trend (p = .083) was found for an improvement in overall well-being in the TA group (+3% in Global Mood State).
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Profile of Mood States (POMS). Daily supplementation (200 mg/day for 4 weeks) with tongkat ali (TA) resulted in significant improvements compared to placebo (PL) for indices of Tension (−11%), Anger (−12%), and Confusion (−15%) in moderately stressed adults (N = 63). * = p < 0.05 by ANOVA.
Hormone profile (salivary cortisol and testosterone) was significantly improved by TA supplementation, with reduced cortisol exposure (−16%, Figure 2), increased testosterone status (+37%, Figure 3) and overall improved cortisol:testosterone ratio (−36%) in the TA group compared to placebo.
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Object name is 1550-2783-10-28-2.jpg

Salivary cortisol. Salivary cortisol levels were significantly lower (−16% compared to placebo, PL) following tongkat ali (TA) supplementation (200 mg/day for 4 weeks). * = p < 0.05 by ANOVA.
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Object name is 1550-2783-10-28-3.jpg

Salivary testosterone. Salivary testosterone levels were significantly higher (+37% compared to placebo, PL) following tongkat ali (TA) supplementation (200 mg/day for 4 weeks). * = p < 0.05 by ANOVA.

Discussion

The current study found that daily supplementation with tongkat ali root extract (200 mg/day) improves stress hormone profile (lower cortisol; higher testosterone) and certain mood state parameters (lower tension, anger, and confusion). These findings are in agreement with several recent supplementation trials in humans, suggesting that tongkat ali may be an effective approach to shielding the body from the detrimental effects of chronic stress from daily stressors, dieting for weight loss, sleep deprivation, and intense exercise training.
Previous studies have determined that Eurycoma longifolia contains a group of small peptides referred to as “eurypeptides” that are known to have effects in improving energy status and sex drive in studies of rodents [-]. The precise mechanism by which eurypeptides or tongkat ali root extract restores normal testosterone levels is unknown, but has been suggested as influencing the release rate of “free” testosterone from its binding hormone, sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG) [,].
In two recent studies of young men undergoing a weight-training regimen [,] tongkat ali supplementation (100 mg/day) improved lean body mass, 1-RM strength, and arm circumference to a significantly greater degree compared to a placebo group.
In a recent 12-week trial [] of Eurycoma longifolia supplementation (300 mg/day), men (30–55 years of age) showed significant improved compared to placebo in the Physical Functioning domain of the SF-36 quality of life survey. In addition, sexual libido was increased by 11% (week 6) and 14% (week 12) and abdominal fat mass was significantly reduced in subjects with BMI > 25 kg/m2.
In men with low testosterone levels (average age 51 years), one month of daily supplementation with tongkat ali extract (200 mg/day) resulted in a significant improvement in serum testosterone levels and quality-of-life parameters [], suggesting a role for tongkat ali as an “adaptogen” against aging-related stress. Another study of healthy adult males (average age 25 years), 100 mg/day of tongkat ali extract added to an intensive strength training program (every other day for 8 weeks) resulted in significant improvements in fat-free mass, fat mass, maximal strength (1-RM) and arm circumference compared to a placebo group []. These results indicate that tongkat ali extract is able to enhance muscle mass and strength gains, while accelerating fat loss, in healthy exercisers, and thus, may be considered a natural ergogenic aid for athletes and dieters alike.
One study of middle-aged women (aged 45–59 years) found that twice-weekly strength training plus 100 mg/day of Eurycoma longifolia extract for 12 weeks enhanced fat free mass to a greater degree compared to women adhering to the same strength training program and taking a placebo []. Additional studies in dieters [-] and athletes [] have shown 50-100 mg/day of tongkat ali extract to help restore normal testosterone levels in supplemented dieters (compared to a typical drop in testosterone among non-supplemented dieters) and supplemented athletes (compared to a typical drop in non-supplemented athletes). In one trial of endurance cyclists [] cortisol levels were 32% lower and testosterone levels were 16% higher in supplemented subjects compared to placebo, indicating a more favorable biochemical profile for promoting an “anabolic” hormone state.
For a dieter, it would be expected for cortisol to rise and testosterone to fall following several weeks of dieting []. This change in hormone balance (elevated cortisol and suppressed testosterone) is an important factor leading to the familiar “plateau” that many dieters hit (when weight loss slows/stops) after 6–8 weeks on a weight loss regimen. By maintaining normal testosterone levels, a dieter could expect to also maintain their muscle mass and metabolic rate (versus a drop in both subsequent to lower testosterone levels) – and thus continue to lose weight without plateauing.
For an athlete, the same rise in cortisol and drop in testosterone is an early signal of “overtraining” – a syndrome characterized by reduced performance, increased injury rates, suppressed immune system activity, increased appetite, moodiness, and weight gain []. Maintenance of normal cortisol/testosterone levels in eurycoma-supplemented subjects may be able to prevent or reduce some of these overtraining symptoms as well as help the athlete to recover faster and more completely from daily training bouts.
These results indicate that daily supplementation with a properly standardized tongkat ali root extract improves stress hormone profile and certain mood state parameters, suggesting that this “ancient” remedy may be an effective approach to shielding the body from the detrimental effects of “modern” chronic stress, which may include general day-to-day stress, as well as the stress of dieting, sleep deprivation, and exercise training.

Conclusions

A wide range of investigations, from laboratory research, to animal feeding studies, to human supplementation trials, have confirmed the health benefits and traditional use of tongkat ali root extract. Laboratory evidence shows that eurycoma peptides stimulate release of free testosterone from its binding proteins and improve overall hormone profiles. More than a dozen rodent feeding studies have demonstrated improved sex drive, balanced hormonal profiles, and enhanced physical function. Human supplementation trials show a clear indication of reduced fatigue, heightened energy and mood, and greater sense of well-being in subjects consuming tongkat ali root extracts. It is important to note that the majority of these studies, and all of the human supplementation trials, have been conducted on specific hot-water-extracts of Eurycoma longifolia (which is the traditional Malaysian preparation) produced using a patented extraction process to isolate and concentrate the bioactive compounds.
In conclusion, tongkat ali, used for centuries in traditional medicine systems of Southeast Asia for treating lethargy, low libido, depression, and fatigue, appears to have significant potential for restoring hormone balance (cortisol/testosterone) and improving psychological mood state in humans exposed to various modern stressors, including aging, dieting, and exercise stress.



Competing interests

The authors have no directly competing interests, although one (AG) is an employee of a company that manufactures tongkat ali extract, and another (MP) is an employee of a nutrition company that uses tongkat ali as one ingredient in an anti-stress dietary supplement. The other authors (ST and JT) conducted this study as employees of SupplementWatch, which received funding for this trial from Biotropics Malaysia.
This study was funded by Biotropics Malaysia and conducted by SupplementWatch.

Authors’ contributions

Each author contributed significantly to the successful carriage of this study. ST designed the study and drafted the manuscript. JT coordinated the IRB approval, subject visits, and sample inventory. AG and MP participated in the study design and coordination of subject visits. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

References

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2.     Ali JM. Biochemical effect of Eurycoma longifolia jack on the sexual behavior, fertility, sex hormone, and glycolysis. Department of Biochemistry, University of Malaysia: PhD Dissertation; 1993.

3.     Adimoelja A. Phytochemicals and the breakthrough of traditional herbs in the management of sexual dysfunctions. Int J Androl. 2000;23(Suppl 2):82–4. [PubMed]

4.     Cyranoski D. Malaysian researchers bet big on home-grown Viagra. Nat Med. 2005;11(9):912.[PubMed]

5.     Joseph S, Sugumaran M, Kate L, Lee W. Herbs of Malaysia. An introduction to the medicinal, culinary, aromatic and cosmetic use of herbs. Sdn Berhad: Federal Publications; 2005.

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Articles from Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition are provided here courtesy of BioMed Central

Effect of Tongkat Ali on stress hormones and psychological mood state in moderately stressed subjects




ANDRO PLUS 200.



Logo of aja


. 2010 May; 12(3): 376–380.
Published online 2010 Mar 29. doi:  10.1038/aja.2010.7
PMCID: PMC3739276
PMID: 20348942

Eurycoma longifolia Jack in managing idiopathic male infertility

Introduction

Male infertility is a multifactorial disease, with numerous factors contributing to both reduced spermatogenesis and the production of dysfunctional sperm, which are the most prevalent underlying characteristics found in cases of idiopathic male infertility . A meta-analysis of 61 studies worldwide reported a downward trend in sperm count and semen volume over the past 50 years . Among the causes of male infertility,the prominent ones namely idiopathic infertility,followed with varicocele, maldescended testes,infections, hormonal causes and gebetic effects. Given its etiologic heterogeneity, successful treatment of male infertility is quite challenging .
Eurycoma longifolia Jack, locally known as Tongkat ali, is a common shrub found along the slopes in hilly terrains of the Malaysian rainforest. A water decoction of the root of Tongkat ali is a well-known traditional supplement for the enhancement of sexuality and fertility and is also used as an anti-aging tonic . This aqueous extract contains, among other things, tannins, high-molecular-weight polysaccharides, glycoprotein, mucopolysaccharides and quassinoid alkaloids, which exhibit anti-malarial, anti-ulcer, anti-tumor, anti-parasitic and anti-pyretic activities .
Animal studies have shown that the anti-cancer, pro-fertility and aphrodisiac properties of this extract are mediated by its glycoprotein components . Recent human trials have proven its testosterone-enhancing and anti-stress or anti-aging effects, which are accompanied or mediated, respectively, by normalized serum growth hormone concentrations and elevated concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an important anti-oxidant . Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the fertility-enhancing effects of Tongkat ali. We hypothesized that a standardized extract of the Eurycoma longifoliaJack root may prove useful in treating men with idiopathic infertility; namely, men with low sperm concentration with or without low motility and a decreased percentage of sperm showing normal morphology. The secondary aim was to investigate a possible increase in the pregnancy rate during treatment.

Materials and methods

Between early 2004 and late 2007, a total of 350 male partners from sub-fertile couples attending the Wellmen Clinic, Damai Service Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, were identified as having idiopathic infertility, in the setting of low sperm concentration, decreased motility and abnormal sperm morphology. Out of the 350 patients initially recruited, a total of 75 male patients with an average age of 32.7 years and a history of infertility of 5.3 years fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were treated with two capsules of 100 mg of a proprietary standardized water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack root (US Patent: US7, 132,117B2 from Phytes Bioteks, Biotropics Malaysia, Berhad, Malaysia), taken orally twice daily after eating. The dose of 200 mg daily was determined by an earlier dosing study . Follow-up examinations were conducted every 3 months for three cycles. In each of these examinations, a semen analysis according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines  and determination of the testicular volume (based on Prader's orchidometer) were performed. The principal parameter to be evaluated was improvement in the sperm parameters (sperm concentration, motility and morphology). The secondary parameter was achievement of pregnancy in the female partner. There was a drop in the patients' compliance from the second to the third follow-up examination owing to dropout and pregnancies of the female partner.
The data were analyzed using SPSS version 12 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). After confirming normal distribution using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, data were expressed as mean ± SE, with trends plotted on line graphs. Paired t-tests were used to assess whether there were any significant differences between the means of the parameters between the baseline and each of the treatment cycles; a P-value of less than 0.05 (two-sided) was considered significant.




A P-Value of less than 0.05 (two-sided) was considered SIGNIFICANT.



Results

There was improvement in the seminal parameters in all 75 men who completed the supplement in each of the follow-up cycles. Results are expressed as mean ± SE for each parameter in Table 1. Statistically significant differences between each cycle and baseline are indicated in Table 1. The changes in the means of sperm concentration, percentage of sperm with normal morphology and semen volume over the three cycles of treatment are also illustrated in Figures 1 
2
2 
3.
3. In Figure 1, the sperm concentration (million per mL) significantly increased from the baseline to the first cycle. It went down at the second cycle and peaked at the third cycle. When paired comparison performed using paired t-test, the mean differences were 5.4, 5.5 and 14.9 million per ml at each of the paired comparison (data not shown) that is at the baseline and at the first cycle, at the baseline and at the second cycle, at the baseline and at third cycle. Each pair differed significantly with their P values of 0.007, < 0.001 and 0.007 respectively. Even though in Figure 1, the pattern of the increase is not uniform, it indicates improvement of the sperm concentration at each of the cycle when compared to the baseline sperm concentration. In Figure 2, it shows the mean percentage of sperm with normal morphology also generally increased consistently except in the last cycle, cycle 3 where it dipped slightly. There were statistically significant improvements in sperm concentration and sperm morphology from baseline to each cycle of treatment (Table 1). The mean sperm concentration and percentage of sperm with normal morphology increased from baseline by 65.5% and 94.9%, respectively, at the third cycle of treatment. An upward trend in semen volume was also seen, although this failed to reach statistical significance (Figure 3). The mean sperm motility at the first cycle of treatment was significantly increased from baseline (P = 0.037); no further changes were observed over the subsequent cycles (Table 1).


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In all, 75 men completed at least one cycle of treatment, 49 men completed two cycles and 17 men completed three cycles. There were 11 (14.7%) spontaneous pregnancies during this time, 6 of which were achieved at completion of the first cycle of treatment and 5 of which were achieved at completion of two cycles of treatment. The semen parameters of male patients whose partner conceived are shown in Table 2. There were no differences in the mean semen volume at baseline (3.50 mL), in the first (2.83 mL) or in the second (3.38 mL) follow-up examination. In addition, there were also no marked differences in the mean sperm concentration at baseline (28.47 million per mL), in the first (27.57 million per mL) or in the second (33.60 million per mL) follow-up examination.
However, in those men whose female partners became pregnant, sperm motility increased significantly from the initial examination (44.00%) to the first follow-up (56.00%) and the second follow-up (58.60%). A similar trend was seen for the percentage of sperm with normal morphology, which improved from 10.36% at the time of baseline examination to 16.54% at the first follow-up and 16.00% at the second follow-up examination. After completion of this study, those patients whose partner failed to conceive were given the option of using assisted reproduction (ART), at which point 60% underwent intra-uterine insemination (IUI), 20% underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) and 5.3% were treated with IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection technique (ICSI).

Discussion

This study clearly shows an improvement in the main seminal parameters in infertile patients treated with the proprietary standardized water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack, with significant increases in sperm concentration and the percentage of sperm with normal morphology after each treatment cycle. The exact mechanism of action of this extract at the level of the reproductive cell remains unknown. However, the beneficial effect may be attributed to its testosterone-enhancing effect and antioxidant properties, which have been well documented in the previous studies Eurycoma longifolia Jack was reported to contain a bioactive peptide, which has been shown to increase the testosterone levels in rat Leydig cells . Recent human trials also showed that the extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack enhanced total testosterone and dihydroepiandrosterone levels . The same studies also showed that the Eurycoma longifolia Jack extract contains SOD activity. Considering that the antioxidant supplementation is thought to improve male reproductive functions , these properties may contribute to the improvement in sperm concentration and sperm morphology.
A large number of men are infertile owing to abnormalities in sperm production, especially severe defects in sperm morphology, which render the sperm dysfunctional and greatly reduce the partner's chances of pregnancy . Therefore, infertile couples have to rely on costly techniques such as ART (for example, IVF). Sperm morphology and concentration have been shown to be significantly associated with the fertilization rate in vitro and have been deemed to be decisive factors in the selection of appropriate ART techniques to treat infertile couples efficiently . Consequently, it is noteworthy that 11 (14.7%) spontaneous pregnancies were achieved after the treatment of infertile men presenting with idiopathic infertility in the setting of decreased sperm concentration, poor sperm motility and abnormal sperm morphology, using the proprietary standardized water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Semen parameters of those patients whose partners achieved pregnancy showed increased percentages of normal sperm morphology and motility following treatment with this herbal extract. It is also intriguing to observe that the herbal extract significantly improved sperm concentration and sperm morphology in patients whose partners did not become pregnant. In these cases, other parameters, such as poor chromatin condensation or sperm DNA fragmentation, might have been the limiting factors that prevented fertilization 27. Nonetheless, the increase in sperm concentration and morphologically normal sperm allowed couples a chance of natural conception, or to forgo IVF and undergo less invasive and less expensive ART options, such as IUI, instead. In total, 60% of the patients in this study underwent IUI based on their seminal parameters after treatment with the extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack. Before treatment, seminal parameters did not permit this possibility in any case, meaning that these patients would have been forced to opt for a more invasive and expensive ART treatment, such as IVF. Thus, the results of this study indicate that sperm quality can be improved by treating men with traditional remedies, which in turn can improve the pregnancy rates.

Conclusion

The results of this study suggest that treatment with the proprietary standardized extract of Eurycoma longifolia Jack significantly improves semen volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility and the percentage of morphologically normal sperm in men with idiopathic infertility. As spontaneous pregnancies were achieved in 14.7% of couples in our study and the use of a less invasive, cheaper variety of ART became possible in another 60%, the treatment of such patients with Eurycoma longifolia Jack might be an option in the management of male infertility.
In light of the encouraging results of the present study, further studies in a larger group of patients, with follow-up of the outcomes of the ART procedures, are required to elucidate the potential role of Eurycoma longifolia Jack in the treatment of male infertility.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing commercial interests in relation to the company that produced the Standardized Water-soluble extract of Eurycoma longifolia. We have not received grant support from the company.


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    Tel : 03 - 7781 5350.

9. Klinik Medi Pesona (Bangsar)
    No 1, GF, Jalan Bangsar Utama 3,
    Bangsar Utama,
    59000 Kuala Lumpur.
    Tel : 03 - 2288 1439.

10. Poliklinik Avicenna.
      Unit L3-23A, 3rd Floor, Terminal Bersepadu Selatan.
      Bandar Tasek Selatan,
      57100 Kuala Lumpur.
      Tel : 014 - 501 2107.

 11. Politik Desilva
      7, Jalan Perdana 4/5,
      Pandan Perdana,
      55300 Kuala Lumpur.
     Tel : 03 - 9282 1721.

12. Klinik Dr. Jorahaliza.
      No 2, Jalan P9B 1/2, Presint 9,
      62250 W.P. Putraja Jaya.
      Tel : 03- 8891 1063. 
    
















SELANGOR DARUL EHSAN.

    1.  Jaziff Medical Sdn Bhd.
    49, Jalan USJ 11/3B, USJ 11, 
    47620 Subang Jaya, Selangor.
    Tel : 03 –

     2. Allied Healthcare Group Sdn Bhd.
    No 1 – 11, Jalan B/3 A, Dagang Avenue,  Taman Dagang, 
    68000 Ampamg, Selangor.
   Tel : 03 – 4270 3257.

     3. Klinik Famili Shimah.
    61, Jalan 23 Taman Bukit Kuchai, 
    47100 Puchong, Selangor.
   Tel : 03 – 8070 3842.

4. Klinik Utara.
    No. 93, Jalan Rengas, Taman Selatan, 
   41200 Klang, Selangor.
   Tel : 03 – 3373 0763.


5. Klinik Keluarga Azian & Elina.
    No 8, Jalan Demang 5, Taman Shah Bandaraya, Kampung Jawa, 
    41000 Klang, Selangor.
    Tel : 03 – 3372 1418.

     6. Klinik Permai.
    No : 47, Jalan USJ 1 / 19, USJ 1, Subang Jaya, 
    47800 Selangor.
    Tel : 03 – 5636 7352.

    7. Kajang Klinik.
   3, Jalan Tuanku Hishamuddin, 
   43000 Kajang, Selangor.
   Tel : 03 – 8733 1536.

     8. Poliklinik Seri Putra.
    37, Jalan Seri Putra ¼, Bandar Seri Putra, 
    43000 Kajang Selangor.
    Tel : 03 – 8922 2637.

9. Klinik Mediviron (Petaling Jaya)
    No 27, Jalan Othman, PJ Old Town,
    46000 Petaling Jaya, Selangor.
   Tel : 03 - 7781 0957.

10. Klinik Dr. Rozita.
      No 61-G, Ground Floor, Jalan Bidara 10,
      Saujana Utama, 
      47000 Sungai Buluh, Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 6039 6712.

11. Klinik Wong Singh (Country Homes)
      No 4 & 5, Jalan Desa, Bandar Country Home,
      48000 Rawang, Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 8091 6513.

12. Poliklinik Keluarga.
      No 39, Jalan Dato Muda Jaafar,
      44000 Kuala Kubu Bharu, Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 6064 1412.

13. Klinik Shukor.
      G-56, Jalan SP 5/4, Taman Serdang Perdana,
      43300 Seri kembangan, Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 8958 1898.

14. Poliklinik Care Medics.
      No 10, Jalan BP 7/11, Bandar Puchong,
      47120 Puchong, Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 8051 9725.

15. Klinik Kapar.
      No 4 & 4A, Jalan Besar,
      42200 Kapar, Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3250 8130.  

16. Klinik Najihah.
      1012, Batu 11, Pekan Kapar,
      42200 Kapar, Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3259 2667.
  
17. Klinik Rohayati.
      Lot 11577, Taman Mesra, Batu 13, Jalan Cheras,
      43000 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 8734 5914.

18. Poliklinik Permai.
      No 47, Jalan USJ 1/19, USJ 1,
      Subang Jaya
      47800 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 5636 7352

19. Klinik Vilayutham.
      161, Jalan Besar, Pekan Sg. Pelek,
      Sg. Pelek
      43950 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3141 1389.

20. Klinik Jothy.
      No 6, Lorong Pending 4A,
      Bandar Puteri,
      40100 Klang,
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 5161 5092.

21. Victor Medical Practice.
      16, Jalan USJ 4/9G,
       Subang Jaya,
       47600 Selangor.
       Tel : 03 - 8023 3640
  
22. Klinik Safwa,
      No 133, Jalan Jasa Off Jalan Haji Sirat Batu Belah,
      Klang,
      42100 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3341 6767

23. Klinik Wong Singh (Country Homes).
      No 4 & 5, Jalan Desa 1/1,
      Bandar Country Homes,
      Rawang,
      48000 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 8091 6513.

24. Klinik Famili Leiya,
      11, Jalan Gemilang 1, Pusat Perdagangan,
      Gemilang,
      Sepang,
      43900 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3373 0763.

25. Klinik Utara 
      No 93, Jalan Rengas, Taman Selatan,
      Klang,
      41200 Selangor.
      Tel :  03 - 3373 0763

26. Klinik Bayu
      No 6, Jalan Batu Unjur Satu,
      Taman Bayu Perdana,
      Klang,
      41200 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3324 1696

27. Klinik Najihah
      1012, Batu 11, Pekan Kapar,
       Klang,
       42200 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3259 2667.

28. Klinik Jacob
      45 E, Kundang New Village,
      Rawang,
      48020 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 6034 1260.

29. Klinik Dr. Rosli
      No 1, Lorong Dendang Laut 1,
      Sasaran, 
      45800 Jeram
      Kuala Selangor,
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 3264 7961

30. Evernexs Biosys Health Care.
      No 4-A & 4-B, Lorong Tingkat KS01,
      Off Jalan Istana,
      41000 Klang,
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3370 1935.

31. Klinik Mediviron (Bukit Rimau),
      No G.21 & G.22, Ground Floor,
      Carrefour Shopping Centre Bukit Rimau,
      Lot No 2, Jalan Sg. Buluh 32/68, Section 32,
      40460 Shah Alam,
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 5121 9540 

32. Klinik Genga
      81, Jalan 20/7, Paramount Garden,
      16300 Petaling Jaya,
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 7875 7672.

33. Klinik Ikhwan,
      17, LNS B8/B, Seksyen 8,
       Bandar Puncak Alam,
      42300 Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3393 3259.

34. Poliklinik Mindaku Sdn.Bhd
      38, Jalan Opera G U2/G,
      Taman TTDI Jaya,
      40150 Shah Alam
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 7845 4654

35. Klinik Sulaiman Talib Sdn Bhd,
      SH -19, Jalan 7, Greenwood Park,
      68100 Batu Caves,
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 6189 5032.

36. Klinik Sri Penawar,
      66, Jalan 1, Taman Paduka,
      45000 Kuala Selangor,
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 3289 4911.

37. Klinik Megah,
      19, Jalan Megah 29,
      Taman Megah Cheras,
      Batu 9 1/2, Jalan Cheras,
      43200 Kajang,
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 5033 2700.

38. Jaziff Medical Sdn Bhd,
      49, Jalan USJ 11/3B,
      USJ 11,
      47620 Subang Jaya
      Selangor.
      Tel : 03 - 398 8377

39. Klinik Jacob.
      45E, Kundang New Village,
      48020 Rawang, Selangor Darul Ehsan.
      Tel : 03 - 6034 1260.

40. Klinik Ros & Rakan-Rakan.
      25, Jalan Dahlia 2/2,
      Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Baru Salak Tinggi,
      43900 Sepang,
     Selangor Darul Ehsan.

41. Klinik Keluarga Aishah.
     14, LKR Sultan Abd. Samad 2,
      Bandar Sultan Sulaiman,
      42000 Perlabuhan Klang,
      Selangor Darul ehsan.
      Tel : 03 - 3176 7400.

42. Klinik Zul
      Lot 227 - A1, Jalan Sg. Udang,
      41250 Klang, Selangor Darul Ehsan.
      Tel : 03 - 3373 5253.

43. QHC Medical Centre.
      No 2, Jalan USJ 9/5R, UEP,
      47620 Subang Jaya, 
      Selangor Darul Ehsan.
      Tel : 03 - 8024 5764.

44. Poliklinik Langat.
      Lot 1531, Batu 12 1/2 Dusun Mandling,
      43100 Hulu Langat,
      Selangor Darul Ehsan.
      Tel : 03 - 9021 5464.

45. Dr.Leela Ratos Dan Rakan-Rakan.
      86, Jalan Othman 2/40,
      46000 Petaling Jaya,
      Selangor Darul Ehsan.
      Tel : 03 - 7782 2061.

PERAK.

1. KLINIK RAWATAN AHSAN.
    No 1, Lorong Anggerik, Taman Desa Bersatu,
    36400 Hutan Melintang, Perak.
    Tel : 019 - 575 0707.



Naturopathy Health Care.

    1. Evernexs Biosys Health Care.
   No 4-A & 4-B, Lorong Tingkat KS01, Off Jalan Istana, 
   41000 Klang, Selangor.
   Tel : 03 – 3370 1935.




NGERI SEMBILAN.

1. Klinik  Yakin Bahau.
    No 4, Jalan Perhentian Teksi, 72100 Bahau, Negeri Sembilan.
    Tel : 06 – 4549241. ???

     2. Klinik Goh.
    39, Jalan Kiara 2, Pusat Perniagaan Kiara,
    72100 Bahau, Negeri Sembilan.
    Tel : 06 – 4549241. ???

3. Poliklinik Dan Surgeri Rahang.
    No 308, Off Jalan Tampin, Taman Yoon Fook,
    70450 Seremban, Negeri Sembilan.
    Tel : 06 - 763 7088.


PUSAT PERUBATAN HPATHY BAHAU.
No 6, Tingkat Bawah, Bangunan MDJL, Jalan Perhentian Bas - Teksi,
72100 Bahau, Negeri Sembilan.
Tel :  013 - 236 7333.










MELAKA.

1. Klinik Dr. Norman.
    No 28, Jalan MJ1, Taman Merdeka Jaya,
    Batu Berendam
    75350 Melaka.
    Tel : 06 - 317 8300.





JOHOR.

1. OZONE HEALING SDN.BHD.
    10 Jalan Setia Tropika 1/14, Taman Setia Tropika,
     81200 Kempas, Johor Bahru.

1. Klinik Rajoo
    88, Jalan Segamat, 
    85300 Labis, Johor.
    Tel : 07 - 925 1606.

2. Klinik Surjit.
    No 28, Jalan 1, Taman Bersatu,
    86000 Kluang, Johor.
    Tel : 07 - 773 4501.

3. KLINIK L'MADINA.
    G-11, Nongchik Riverside Commercial, Jalan Kolam Air 2,
    80100 Johor Bahru, Johor.
    Tel : 011 - 3975 7638.  

4. KLINIK PUTRA.
    No 6, Jalan 2, Taman Bintang Emas,
    83010 Tongkang Pecah, Batu Pahat , Johor.
     Tel : 07 - 415 2122.

5. AMD Clinic.
    71, Jalan Serangkai 4,
    Taman Bukit Dahlia,
    81700 Masai,
    Johor.
    Tel : 07 - 255 7720.

6.  Poliklinik Keluarga Mulia Sdn Bhd.
     86L, Jalan Tampoi, Taman Mulia,
     81200 Johor Bharu.
     Tel : 07 - 331 0318.

7.  Shiffa Health Service (Dr. Magilan),
     No 21, Jalan Saga 9,
     Taman Desa Cemerlang,
     81800 Ulu Tiram,
     Johor.
     

8. Poliklinik An Nur.
    No 7438 Jalan Alsogoff
    Pontian
    82000 Johor.
    Tel : 011 - 106 8149.

9. Specialist Womens Hospital Sdn.Bhd.
    No 14, Jalan Rosmerah 3/2,
    Taman Johor Jaya,
    81100 Johor Bharu,
    Johor.
    Tel : 07 - 353 0751 / 61.
   



Specialist. 
(Johor Bharu).
07 - 353 0751.

Specialist Hospital 
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10. Klinik Ming.
      No 19, Jalan Pesta 1-1,
      Taman Tun Dr.Ismail, Batu 2,
      Jalan Bakri
      84000 Muar,
      Johor.
      Tel : 06 - 951 6201. 

11. Klinik Surjit.
      No 28, Jalan 1, Taman Bersatu,
      86000 Kluang,
      Johor Darul Takzim
      Tel : 07 - 773 4501.

12. Klinik Parit Yaani.
      14, Jalan Orkid 1,
      Taman Orkid, Parit Yaani,
      83710 Yong Peng,
      Johor.
      Tel : 07 - 484 7249.

13. Poliklinik Dahlia,
      No 36, Jalan Dahlia 20,
      Taman Dahlia Tampoi,
      81200 Johor Bharu,
      Johor.
      Tel : 07 - 237 2100.


14. Klinik Idaman.
      A3, Jalan Dato Onn,
      Bandar Penawar,
      81930 Johor.
      Tel : 07 - 822 5653.


PERLIS.

1.   Klinik Faizah
     Lot5, Taman Bahagia Balai Baru, 
     02400 Beseri, Perlis.
     Tel : 04 – 938 1366.





PENANG.

1. PUSAT  RAWATAN HOMEOPATHY & ALTERNATIF KAMARULZAMAN.
    No 37, Tingkat Bawah, Lorong Aman Putera 1,
    Taman Aman Putera, 
    13200 Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang.
    Tel : 012 - 635 8659.

2. Klinik Dr. Lee Hock Huat.
    2737 Kulim Road,
    14000 Bukit Mertajam,
     Penang.
     Tel : 04 - 539 2187. 

3. Klinik Khoo,
    236, Jalan Jelutong, Taman Ara,
    11600 Jelutong,
    Pulau Pinang.
    Tel : 04 - 281 3837. 


KELANTAN.

1. Klinik Medicure Wly.
    PT 704-G, Persiaran Humairah, 
   17500 Tanah Merah,Kelantan.
   Tel : 09 – 955 1188.

2. KLINIK FAEZ.
    PT 374, Melor,
    16400 Kota Bharu, Kelantan. 
    Tel : 09 - 783 4834.

3. KLINIK ZIAD AZHARI SDN BHD.
    PT 1497, Sri Kulim Melor, 
    16400 Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
    Tel : 09 - 782 5880.

4. KLINIK PERDANA (PASIR TUMBOH).
    PT 921, Taman Binaraya, Desa Darulnaim, Pasir Tumboh,
    16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
     Tel : 09 - 766 6313.

5. KLINIK RAKYAT.
    Lot 1089, Simpang 4, Pauh Panji (Depan JPJ).
    16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
    Tel : 09 - 765 7955.

6. KLINIK IKHTIAR KOTA JEMBAL.
    Lot 1972, Kota Jambal,
    Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
    Tel : 09 - 764 4460.

7. Klinik Ehsan.
    Lot 1172, Kedai Ketereh,
    16450 Kota Bharu,
    Kelantan.
    Tel : 09 - 788 0241.

8. Klinik Pancho.
    575, Jalan Hospital,
   15400 Kota Bharu,
    Kelantan.
    Tel : 09 - 744 7386

9. Klinik Perdana.
    Lot 124, Tingkat Bawah
    Jalan PCB, Kg. China,
    15351  Kota Bharu,
    Kelantan.
    Tel : 09 - 744 6771.

10. Klinik Mahmood.
      Lot 2010, Bandar Baru,
      18300 Gua Musang,
      Kelantan.      Tel : 09 - 912 1177.

11. Klinik Dr. Badariah.       Lot 2063, Bandar Baru,
      18300 Gua Musang,
       Kelantan.
      Tel : 09 - 912 3979.

12. Klinik Dr. Ramzi.
      Lot 1103, Simpang Empat Pauh Panji,
      15200 Kota Bharu,
      Kelantan.
      Tel : 09 - 765 1803.

13. Klinik Dr. Wan
      Lot 168, Kg Kubang Kawah,
     16300 Bachok,
      Kelantan.
      Tel : 09 - 

14. Klinik Perdana Gua Musang.
      PT 7971, Bnagunan MDGM,
      Stesyen Bas Lama,
      Bandar Lama,
     18300 Gua Musang,
      Kelantan.
      Tel : 09 - 912 1108.
     

15.  Klinik Dr. Alwani.
       No 1597 Selising,
       16810 Pasir Putih,
       Kelantan.
       Tel :
        

TERENGGANU.

1. KLINIK IDDRUS SDN BHD.
    Lot 29, Bandar Baru Sri Kerteh,
    24300 Kerteh, Kemaman, Terengganu.
    Tel : 09 -826 1678.


SABAH

1. PERMAI POLIKLINIK SRI KEPAYAN.
    Lot 3, Block D, Lorong Pusat Komersial 88/2, 88 Marketplace, 
    Jalan Pintas,
    88200 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
    Tel : 088 - 249 900.







SARAWAK.

FARMASI.

1. TOGETHER PHARMACY.
    Survey Lot 2968 of Parent Lot 2942, Block 2, MCLD, Ground Floor,
    Sevenew Comm CTR, 
    98000 Miri, Sarawak.
    Tel : 016 - 579 0058

2. PHARMSERVE PHARMA SDN BHD.
    1st Floor, Lot 14944, Block B Stutong, 
    Parade Commercial Centre, 
    Jalan Setia Raja, 
    93350 Kuching, Sarawak.
    Tel : 082 - 362 773. 




1. Klinik Cahaya.
    Lot 212, Tingkat Bawah, Jalan Haji Taha, 
    93400 Kuching, Sarawak.
    Tel : 082 – 425 735.





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2.    KN Law Woman Specialist Clinic.
     Clinic No 6, New Lot 5009, Block 31, 
     Kemena Land District, 
     97000 Bintulu, Sarawak.
     Tel : 086 – 319 158.

3. KLINIK SYAZWANI.
    No 196, Ground Floor, Assyakirin Commercial Square,
    81200 Bintulu, Sarawak.
    Tel : 086 - 342 024.

4. KLINIK ANDREW.
    Ground Floor, S/L3, Lot 374, Golden Square,
    94700 Serian, Sarawak.
    Tel : 011 - 1058 3826.

5. KLINIK CHAI.
    No 56, Serian Bazaar,
    94700 Serian, Sarawak.
    Tel : 082 - 874 658.

6. Klinik Lutong.
    Lot 1426, Ground Floor,
    Lutong New Shoplot,
    98100 Lutong Miri,
    Sarawak.
    Tel : 085 - 491 382.

7. Klinik Dinamik.
    Lot 431, Ground Floor, Jalan Bendahara,
    98000 Miri,
    Sarawak.
    Tel : 085 - 423 381.

8. Klinik Sri Tunku.
    Lot 11211, Ground Floor, Block 5,
    Lambir Land District,
    Palm Villa Commercial Centre,
    98000 Miri,
    Sarawak.
    Tel : 017 - 809 0459.


9. Klinik Kong.
    1061 Jalan Bintang Jaya 1,
    Bintang Jaya Commencial Centre,
    98000 Miri,
    Sarawak.
    Tel : 085 - 424 730.
    
10. S K Wong Clinic.
      Lot 2927, Faradale Shophouse,
      Jalan Bulan Sabit,
      98000 Miri,
      Sarawak.
      Tel : 085 - 438 787.

11. Klinik Andrew.
      Ground Floor, S/L 3,
      Lot 374, Golden Square,
      94700 Serian,
      Sarawak.
      Tel : 011 - 1058 3826.
    


KEDAH.

1. Klinik Kulit Dr. Venket.
    No 207, Jalan Putera,
    06250 Alor Star,
    Kedah.
    Tel : 04 - 734 4652.

2. Klinik Wan Zohdi Sdn Bhd.
    1148- A, Jalan Dato Wan Muhamad Saman,
    05400 Alor Star,
    Kedah.
    Tel : 04 - 771 8644.

3. Klinik Dinamik.
    No 57, Tingkat Bawah,
    Kompleks Sultan Abd. Hamid,
    Persiaran Sultan Abd. Hamid
    05050 Alor Star.
    Kedah.
    Tel : 04 - 777 4447.


PAHANG.

1. Klinik Dr. Mona.
    B23, Tingkat Bawah, Lorong Padang Permai 40,
   Jalan Sungai Lembing,
    25200 Kuantan,
    Pahang Darul Makmur.
    Tel : 09 - 547 4127.









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GREAT ENERGY.


JusT  Ask Your Doctor

lahhhhhhhh......!!!







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TRUSTED.


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Andro Plus 200.




'QUALITAS MEDICAL GROUP'.


 '40th Clinical Lead's Meeting' QUALITAS MEDICAL GROUP.

Presented By Malaysia Andrologist Specialist.
Dr.Ismail Tamby.


PERLIS (2)
1          KLINIK FAIZAH                       LOT 5, TAMAN BAHAGIA BALAI BARU       04 – 938 1366            PERLIS
                                                           BERSERI                                                                                           
                                                           02400 BESERI PERLIS                                                                      
2          KLINIK DR WAN BALKIS        30, JALAN SIMPANG 3                                019-266 2749             PERLIS
                                                           KOMPLEKS KEDAI PKNEPS SIMPANG 3,                                        
                                                           01000 KANGAR, PERLIS                                                                  

KEDAH (4)
1          KLINIK KULIT DR VENKAT     NO 207, JALAN PUTERA                              04-734 4652               KEDAH
                                                           06250 ALOR SETAR KEDAH                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                    
2          KLINIK WAN ZOHDI               1148-A, JALAN DATO WAN                         04-771 8644               KEDAH
                                                           MUHAMAD SAMAN                                                                       
                                                           05400 ALOR SETAR KEDAH                                                            
3          KLINIK DINAMIK                    NO 57, TGKT BAWAH,                                04-777 4447               KEDAH
                                                           KOMPLEK SULTAN ABD HAMID                                                    
                                                           JALAN PEGAWAI                                                                              
                                                           05050 ALOR SETAR KEDAH                                                            
4          POLIKLINIK DR KAMAL          NO 12, TAMAN KOPERASI                          04-7338695                KEDAH
                                                           JALAN TUN RAZAK                                                                          
                                                           05200 ALOR SETAR, KEDAH                                                           

PENANG (5)
1          KLINIK DR LEE HOCK HUAT  2737 JALAN KULIM                                     04-539 2187               PENANG
                                                           14000 BUKIT MERTAJAM PENANG                                                
                                                                                                                                                                    
2          POLIKLINIK KHOO                  236, JALAN JELUTONG                                04-281 3837               PENANG
                                                           TAMAN ARA                                                                                    
                                                           11600 JELUTONG PULAU PINANG                                                  
3          KLINIK ABDUL RAHIM           2-D PANGSAPURI GARUDA                        04-644 4181               PENANG
                                                           11900 BAYAN LEPAS, PENANG                                                       
                                                                                                                                                                    
4          KLINIK DR SHOBRI                5, TAMAN DESA MURNI                             04-356 3022               PENANG
                                                           SUNGAI DUA                                                                                   
                                                           13800 BUTTERWORTH, PULAU PINANG                                        
5          KLINIK WEST JELUTONG       132, JALAN JELUTONG                                04-281 2125               PENANG
                                                           JELUTONG                                                                                       
                                                           11600 GEORGE TOWN, PULAU PINANG                                        

PERAK (1)
1          KLINIK RAWATAN AHSAN     1, LORONG ANGGERIK                               019 - 575 0707           PERAK
                                                           TAMAN DESA BERSATU                                                                 
                                                           36400 HUTAN MELINTANG PERAK                                                

KUALA LUMPUR (13)
1          POLIKLINIK CAHAYA              17, JALAN PERDANA 4/5                             012 – 379 0944          K. LUMPUR
                                                           PANDAN PERDANA                                                                         
                                                           53300 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
2          KLINIK LEN SENG                   76-G, JALAN 1                                              03 – 9107 5362          K. LUMPUR
                                                           TAMAN LEN SENG                                                                          
                                                           56000 CHERAS KUALA LUMPUR                                                    
3          KLINIK MURUGESU               29, JALAN TUN MOHD FUAD 2                  03 - 7728 2879           K. LUMPUR
                                                           TAMAN TUN DR ISMAIL                                                                 
                                                           60000 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
4          KLINIK RAKAN MEDIK           45 JALAN SUASA 5                                      03 - 9058 5926           K. LUMPUR
                                                           PEKAN SUNGAI BESI                                                                       
                                                           57000 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
5          KLINIK AKASHAH                   4, JaALAN DUTAMAS SEROJA 3                 03 - 6251 0922           K. LUMPUR
                                                           TAMAN SEGAMBUT (SPPK)                                                           
                                                           51200 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
6          KLINIK TAN & MANO            PLAZA OSK, JALAN AMPANG                      03 - 2166 2050           K. LUMPUR
                                                           HAMPSHIRE PARK                                                                          
                                                           50450 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
7          KLINIK MEDIVIRON (IMBI)   8, JALAN UTARA                                          03 - 2148 5666           K. LUMPUR
                                                           OFF JALAN IMBI                                                                              
                                                           55100 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
8          KLINIK MEDICA                      3, JALAN 6/155                                            03-7781 5350             K. LUMPUR
                                                           BUKIT JALIL INTEGRATED PARK                                                     
                                                           58200 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
9          KLINIK MEDI PESONA           1, GF, JALAN BANGSAR UTAMA 3             03-2288 1439             K. LUMPUR
            (BANGSAR)                            BANGSAR UTAMA                                                                          
                                                           59000 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
10        POLIKLINIK AVICENNA                                                                                014-501 2107             K. LUMPUR
                                                           BANDAR TASEK SELATAN                                                               
                                                           57100 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
11        POLIKLINIK DESILVA              7, JALAN PANDAN PERDANA 4/5               03-9282 1721             K. LUMPUR
                                                           PANDAN PERDANA                                                                         
                                                           55300 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
12        LUMINOUS CLINIC                 LEVEL 7, LOT 7.02.01 PAVILLION KL MALL                                    K. LUMPUR
                                                           168 JALAN BUKIT BINTANG                                                            
                                                           55100 KUALA LUMPUR                                                                   
13        KLINIK JORAHALIZA               NO.2, JALAN P9B 1/2                                  03-8893 1063             PUTRAJAYA
                                                           PRESINT 9                                                                                        
                                                           62250 W.P PUTRAJAYA                                                                 

SELANGOR (53)
1          ALLIED HEALTHCARE             1 – 11, JALAN B/3 A, DAGANG AVENUE    03 – 4270 3257          SELANGOR
             GROUP SDN BHD                 TAMAN DAGANG                                                                            
                                                           68000 AMPANG SELANGOR                                                           
2          KLINIK FAMILI SHIMAH        61, JALAN 23                                                03 – 8070 3842          SELANGOR
                                                           TAMAN BUKIT KUCHAI                                                                   
                                                           47100 PUCHONG SELANGOR                                                         
3          KLINIK KELUARGA AZIAN      8, JALAN DEMANG 5                                   03 – 3372 1418          SELANGOR
             & ELINA                                 TAMAN SHAH BANDARAYA KPG JAWA                                        
                                                           41000 KLANG SELANGOR                                                               
4          KAJANG KLINIK                      3, JALAN TUNKU HISHAMMUDDIN           03 – 8733 1536          SELANGOR
                                                           KAJANG                                                                                           
                                                           43000 KAJANG SELANGOR                                                             
5          POLIKLINIK SERI PUTRA        37, JALAN SERI PUTRA 1/4                         03 – 8922 2637          SELANGOR
                                                           BANDAR SERI PUTRA                                                                      
                                                           43000 KAJANG SELANGOR                                                             
6          KLINIK MEDIVIRON (PJ)        27, JALAN OTHMAN                                    03 - 7781 0957           SELANGOR
                                                           PJ OLD TOWN                                                                                  
                                                           46000 PETALING JAYA SELANGOR                                                 
7          KLINIK DR ROZITA                 61-G, GF, JALAN BIDARA 10,                      03 - 6039 6712           SELANGOR
                                                           SAUJANA UTAMA                                                                           
                                                           47000 SUNGAI BULOH SELANGOR                                                
8          POLIKLINIK KELUARGA          39, JALAN DATO MUDA JAAFAR                03 - 6064 1412           SELANGOR
                                                           KUALA KUBU BAHRU                                                                     
                                                           44000 SELANGOR                                                                            
9          KLINIK SHUKOR                     G-56, JALAN SP 5/4                                     03 - 8958 1898           SELANGOR
                                                           TAMAN SERDANG PERDANA                                                         
                                                           43300 SERI KEMBANGAN SELANGOR                                           
10        POLIKLINIK CARE MEDICS     10, JALAN BP 7/11                                       03 - 8051 9725           SELANGOR
                                                           BANDAR PUCHONG                                                                        
                                                           47120 PUCHONG SELANGOR                                                         
11        KLINIK KAPAR                        4 & 4A, JALAN BESAR                                  03 - 3250 8130           SELANGOR
                                                           KAPAR                                                                                              
                                                           42200 SELANGOR                                                                            
12        KLINIK ROHAYATI                  LOT 11577, TAMAN MESRA                       03 - 8734 5914           SELANGOR
                                                           BATU 13, JALAN CHERAS                                                                
                                                           43000 KAJANG SELANGOR                                                             
13        KLINIK NAJIHAH                    LOT 1012, BATU 11                                     03 - 3259 2667           SELANGOR
                                                           PEKAN KAPAR                                                                                 
                                                           42200 SELANGOR                                                                            
14        KLINIK WONG SINGH            4 & 5, JALAN DESA 1/1                               03-8091 6513             SELANGOR
                                                           BANDAR COUNTRY HOMES                                                           
                                                           48000 RAWANG SELANGOR                                                           
15        KLINIK FAMILI LEIYA              11,, JALAN GEMILANG 1                             03-8705 3401             SELANGOR
                                                           PUSAT PERDAGANGAN GEMILANG                                               
                                                           43900 SEPANG, SELANGOR                                                            
16        KLINIK BAYU                          No. 6, JALAN BATU UNJUR SATU               03-3324 1696             SELANGOR
                                                           TAMAN BAYU PERDANA                                                                
                                                           41200 KLANG, SELANGOR                                                              
17        KLINIK JACOB                         45E KUNDANG NEW VILLAGE                    03-6034 1260             SELANGOR
                                                           RAWANG                                                                                         
                                                           48020 RAWANG, SELANGOR                                                          
18        KLINIK DR ROSLI                    No 1,LORONG DENDANG LAUT 1              03-3264 7961             SELANGOR
                                                           SASARAN JERAM                                                                            
                                                           45800 KUALA SELANGOR                                                               
19        KLINIK GENGA                       81, JALAN 20/7                                            07-353 0751               SELANGOR
                                                           PARAMOUNT GARDEN                                                                   
                                                           16300 PETALING JAYA, SELANGOR                                                
20        POLIKLINIK IKHWAN             17, LNS B8/B                                               03-3393 3259             SELANGOR
                                                           SEKSYEN 8                                                                                       
                                                           42300 BANDAR PUNCAK ALAM, SELANGOR                                    
21        KLINIK SULAIMAN TALIB       SH-19, JALAN 7                                            03-6189 5032             SELANGOR
                                                           GREENWOOD PARK                                                                        
                                                           68100 BATU CAVES, SELANGOR                                                     
22        KLINIK SRI PENAWAR            66 JALAN 1                                                   03-3289 4911             SELANGOR
                                                           TAMAN PADUKA                                                                             
                                                           45000 KUALA SELANGOR                                                               
23        KLINIK MEGAH                      19, JALAN MEGAH 29                                 03-5033 2700             SELANGOR
                                                           TAMAN MEGAH CHERAS BATU 9 1/2                                           
                                                           43200 KAJANG SELANGOR                                                             
24        POLIKLINIK MINDAKU           38, JALAN OPERA G U2/G                           03-7845 4654             SELANGOR
             SDN BHD                              Taman TTDI JAYA                                                                            
                                                           40150 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR                                                     
25        KLINIK MEDIVIRON               NO G.21 & G.22, GRD FLR                          03-5121 9540             SELANGOR
             (BUKIT RIMAU)                    CAREFOUR BKT RIMAU
                                                            LOT NO 2, JALAN SG BULOH 32/68,                                               
                                                           SECTION 32, 40460 SHAH ALAM
                                                            SELANGOR                                                                                       
26        KLINIK VELAYUTHAM            161, JALAN BESAR                                       03-3141 1389             SELANGOR
                                                           PEKAN SG PELEK                                                                             
                                                           43950 SG PELEK SELANGOR                                                           
27        POLIKLINIK JOTHY                 6, LORONG PENDING 4A                            03-5161 5092             SELANGOR
                                                           BANDAR PUTERI                                                                             
                                                           40100 KLANG SELANGOR                                                               
28        VICTOR MEDICAL PRACTICE  16, JALAN USSJ 4/9G                                  03-8023 3640             SELANGOR
                                                           SUBANG JAYA                                                                                 
                                                           47600 SUBANG JAYA SELANGOR                                                   
29        KLINIK SAFWA                       LOT 133 JALAN JASA                                   03-3341 6767             SELANGOR
                                                           OFF JALAN HAJI SIRAT BATU BELAH                                              
                                                           42100 KLANG SELANGOR                                                               
30        JAZIFF MEDICAL SDN BHD   49, JALAN USJ 11/3B                                                                      SELANGOR
                                                           USJ 11 SUBANG JAYA                                                                     
                                                           47620 SUBANG JAYA SELANGOR                                                   
31        KLINIK UTARA                        93, JALAN RENGAS                                      03 – 3373 0763          SELANGOR
                                                           TAMAN SELATAN                                                                            
                                                           41200 KLANG SELANGOR                                                               
32        POLIKLINIK PERMAI               47, JALAN USJ 1/19                                     03-5636 7352             SELANGOR
                                                           USJ 1 SUBANG JAYA                                                                       
                                                           47800 SUBANG JAYA SELANGOR                                                   
33        KLINIK ROS DAN                    25, JALAN DAHLIA 2/2                                03-8706 3303             SELANGOR
             RAKAN-RAKAN                     KAW PERINDUSTRIAN BANDAR BARU                                          
                                                           SALAK TINGGI
                                                            43900 SEPANG, SELANGOR                                                            
34        KLINIK KELUARGA AISHAH   14, LKR SULTAN ABD SAMAD 2                 03-3176 7400             SELANGOR
                                                           BANDAR SULTAN SULAIMAN                                                         
                                                           42000 PERLABUHAN KLANG SELANGOR                                       
35        POLIKLINIK ZUL                      LOT 227-A1                                                  03-3373 5253             SELANGOR
                                                           JALAN SG. UDANG                                                                          
                                                           41250 KLANG SELANGOR                                                               
36        QHC MEDICAL CENTRE          NO 2, JALAN USJ 9/5R, UEP,                       03-8024 5760             SELANGOR
                                                           SUBANG JAYA                                                                                 
                                                           47620 SELANGOR                                                                            
37        POLIKLINIK LANGAT              LOT 1531, BATU 12 1/2                               03-9021 5464             SELANGOR
                                                           DUSUN MANDIANG HULU LANGAT                                              
                                                           43100 SELANGOR                                                                            
38        DR LEELA RATOS DAN           86, JALAN OTHMAN 2/40,                          037782 2061              SELANGOR
             RAKAN-RAKAN                     PETALING JAYA                                                                                
                                                           46000 SELANGOR                                                                            
39        KLINIK NIK ISAHAK                LOT G60C, TINGKAT BAWAH                      03-5510 9003             SELANGOR
                                                           KOMPLEKS PKNS                                                                            
                                                           40000 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR                                                     
40        RADIANT CLINIQUE               1-G-01, JALAN BAZAR U8/101                    03-7832 7101             SELANGOR
             SDN BHD                              D'VIDA BUSINESS CENTRE, BUKIT JELUTONG                                 
                                                           40150 SHAH ALAM, SELANGOR                                                     
41        KLINIK SHARIL & RAKAN       NO. 62                                                          03-3250 7052             SELANGOR
                                                           JALAN BESAR                                                                                   
                                                           42200 KAPAR, SELANGOR                                                              
42        POLIKLINIK PERDANA            NO. 43, JALAN SETIA 1                                03-6093 2327             SELANGOR
             RAWANG                              TAMAN SETIA                                                                                  
                                                           48000 RAWANG, SELANGOR                                                          
43        KLINIK MEDIVIRON               NO 43, JALAN ARA 2                                   03-6057 3303             SELANGOR
             (BATANG KALI)                     JALAN PERNIAGAAN ARA                                                               
                                                           44300 BATANG KALI, SELANGOR                                                   
44        POLIKLINIK NORIHA              19, JALAN DANA 2                                       017-288 9577             SELANGOR
                                                           KAMPUNG SUNGAI KAYU ARA                                                      
                                                           47400 PETALING JAYA, SELANGOR                                                
45        PUSAT RAWATAN IMPIAN    17, JALAN IMPIAN PERDANA 1                   03-8733 2603             SELANGOR
                                                           SAUJANA IMPIAN                                                                            
                                                           43000 KAJANG, SELANGOR                                                            
46        KLINIK PERUBATAN               17 JALAN BERSATU 10                                03-6093 1829             SELANGOR
            DAN PEMBEDAHAN              TAMAN BERSATU                                                                           
             KHADIJAH                             48000 RAWANG, SELANGOR                                                          
47        KLINIK FUZIAH                       NO. 1 JALAN SD 1/1                                    03-3149 4784             SELANGOR
                                                           TAMAN SERI DAGANG,                                                                  
                                                           BUKIT CHANGGANG
                                                            42700 BANTING, SELANGOR                                                          
48        KLINIK ZAIN                           LOT G24, JALAN 11                                      03-5120 1768             SELANGOR
                                                           SELAYANG BARU                                                                             
                                                           68100 BATU CAVES, SELANGOR                                                     
49        ENHANZE MEDICAL               SUITE 206, LEVEL 2, BLOCK D                     03-7960 1788             SELANGOR
             AESTHETICS CENTRE            PHILEO DAMANSARA 1, SEKSYEN 16                                            
                                                           46350 PETALING JAYA, SELANGOR                                                
50        KLINIK DR. MARISA               7, JALAN MUTIARA 5                                  03-8768 7791             SELANGOR
             & RAKAN                               TAMAN MUTIARA                                                                           
                                                           43800 DENGKIL SELANGOR                                                            
51        QUALITAS PHARMA              20 & 22, JALAN PJS 7/17                             03-5638 0923             SELANGOR
            SDN BHD                               BANDAR SUNWAY (Ms Rubhini)                (MS RUBHINI)            
                                                           46150 PETALING JAYA                                                                     
52        KLINIK NUR QASEH               NO 37, JALAN BR2, TAMAN BUNGA RAYA                                   011-3295 0121          SELANGOR
                                                           BANDAR BARU SALAK TINGGI                                                       
                                                           43900 SEPANG SELANGOR                                                             
53        KLINIK PANICKER                   29, GROUND FLOOR, BLOCK D, 8 AVENUE                                  03-7960 4586            SELANGOR
                                                           JALAN SUNGAI JERNIH 8/1, SEKSYEN 8                                         
                                                           46050 PETALING JAYA SELANGOR                                               

N. SEMBILAN (3)
1          KLINIK YAKIN BAHAU            4, JALAN PERHENTIAN TEKSI                                                         N. SEMBILAN
                                                           BAHAU                                                                                             
                                                           72100 BAHAU N. SEMBILAN                                                          
2          KLINIK GOH                           39, JALAN KIARA 2                                      06 - 454 9241             N. SEMBILAN
                                                           PUSAT PERNIAGAAN KIARA                                                           
                                                           72100 BAHAU N. SEMBILAN                                                          
3          POLIKLINIK DAN SUGERI       308, OFF JALAN TAMPIN                            06 - 763 7088             N. SEMBILAN
            RAHANG                                TAMAN YOON FOOK                                                                      
                                                           70450 SEREMBAN N. SEMBILAN                                                 

MELAKA (5)
1          KLINIK DR NORMAN             28, JALAN MJ1                                             06 - 317 8300             MELAKA
                                                           TAMAN MERDEKA JAYA                                                                 
                                                           75350 BATU BERENDAM MELAKA                                                
2          KLINIK NOOR SHILA              NO. 30, JALAN ANGGERIK                          06-556 3351               MELAKA
                                                           TAMAN SERI BAYU                                                                         
                                                           78000 ALOR GAJAH, MELAKA                                                        
3          KLINIK DR JAMALUDIN         BATU 14 ½                                                   06-263 5887               MELAKA
             & SURGERI                            JALAN JASIN                                                                                    
                                                           77300 MERLIMAU, MELAKA                                                          
4          POLIKLINIK AL-AMIN             KM 16-1, JALAN PERNIAGAAN                   06-556 6000               MELAKA
                                                           JELATANG 1
                                                            PUSAT PERNIAGAAN JELATANG                                                     
                                                           78000 ALOR GAJAH MELAKA                                                         
5          KLINIK MESRA                       62, JALAN PJ 18                                           06-286 1777               MELAKA
                                                           TAMAN PERTAM JAYA                                                                    
                                                           75050 MELAKA                                                                              

JOHOR (27)
1          KLINIK SURJIT                        28, JALAN 1                                                  07 - 773 4501             JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN BERSATU                                                                           
                                                           86000 KLUANG JOHOR                                                                   
2          KLINIK PUTRA                        6, JALAN 2, TAMAN BINTANG EMAS         07 - 415 2122             JOHOR
                                                           TONGKANG PECAH                                                                         
                                                           83010 BATU PAHAT JOHOR                                                            
3          KLINIK RAJOO                        88, JALAN SEGAMAT                                   07 - 925 1606             JOHOR
                                                           LABIS                                                                                                
                                                           85300 LABIS JOHOR                                                                        
4          L'MEDINA CLINIC                   G-11, NONGCHIK RIVERSIDE                      011 - 3975 7638         JOHOR
                                                           COMMERCIAL, JALAN KOLAM AIR 2                                              
                                                           80100 JOHOR BAHRU JOHOR                                                        
5          DR K N SINGH                       14, JALAN ROSE MERAH 3/2                      07-353 0761               JOHOR
            (CONSULTANT/SPECIALIST)  JOHOR JAYA                                                                                    
            OBSTETRICIAN &                   81100 JOHOR BAHRU JOHOR
            GYNAECOLOGIST                                                                                                                            
            WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
            & FERTILITY CENTRE                                                                                                                       
6          AMD CLINIC                           71, JALAN SERANGKAI 4                             07-255 7720               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN BUKIT DAHLIA                                                                   
                                                           81700 MASAI JOHOR                                                                      
7          POLIKLINIK KELUARGA          86L, JALAN TAMPOI                                    07-331 0318               JOHOR
            MULIA SDN BHD                   TAMAN MULIA                                                                                
                                                           81200 JOHOR BAHRU, JOHOR                                                       
8          POLIKLINIK AN NUR              NO 7438 JALAN ALSAGOFF                         011-106 8149             JOHOR
                                                           PONTIAN                                                                                          
                                                           82000, PONTIAN JOHOR                                                                 
9          KLINIK MING                         NO 19, JALAN PESTA 1-1                             06-951 6201               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN TUN DR ISMAIL BATU 2                                                    
                                                           JALAN BAKRI, 84000 MUAR, JOHOR                                              
10        KLINIK PARIT YAANI              14, JALAN ORKID 1                                      07-484 7249               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN ORKID PARIT YAANI                                                          
                                                           83710 YONG PENG JOHOR                                                             
11        POLIKLINIK DAHLIA               NO 36, JALAN DAHLIA 20                            07-237 2100               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN DAHLIA TAMPOI                                                                
                                                           81200 JOHOR BAHRU JOHOR                                                        
12        KLINIK IDAMAN                     A3, JALAN DATO ONN                                 07-822 5653               JOHOR
                                                           BANDAR PENAWAR JOHOR                                                           
                                                           81930 JOHOR                                                                                  
13        POLIKLINIK MM                     5, JALAN MUTIARA 1/2                               07-559 0851               JOHOR
             FAMILYCARE & SURGERI     TAMAN MUTIARA MAS                                                                  
                                                           81300 SKUDAI, JOHOR                                                                   
14        KLINIK SAWIT                        4, JALAN PRISMA 1                                     07-652 3820               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN PRISMA                                                                              
                                                           81000 Kulai, Johor                                                                           
15        KLINIK YETHIN GP                 37, JALAN MEDAN NUSA PERINTIS 7         07-531 3852               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN NUSA PERINTIS 2                                                              
                                                           81550 GELANG PATAH, JOHOR                                                      
16        KLINIK HANDAL & SURGERI 5, JALAN PAKIS                                            011-1051 9528           JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN HANDAL                                                                             
                                                           81400 SENAI, JOHOR                                                                      
17        POLIKLINIK PREMIER             65, JALAN MERSING                                   07-771 2479               JOHOR
                                                           KAMPUNG MASJID LAMA                                                              
                                                           86000 KLUANG, JOHOR                                                                  
18        POLIKLINIK UTAMA               7,JALAN SATRIA 1                                        06-975 3306               JOHOR
             (SEROM)                               TAMAN SEROM UTAMA                                                                
                                                           84400 SEROM, LEDANG, JOHOR                                                    
19        KLINIK JOSEPH & SURGERI   NO 183, JALAN PAHLAWAN 1                     07-557 0721               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN UNGKU TUN AMINAH                                                      
                                                           81300 SKUDAI, JOHOR                                                                   
20        IMPIAN EMAS MEDICAL       NO. 40, 42 & 44, JALAN IMPIAN EMAS 7   07-556 6455               JOHOR
             CENTRE                                 TAMAN IMPIAN EMAS                                                                   
                                                           81300 SKUDAI, JOHOR BHARU, JOHOR                                        
21        POLIKLINIK IMPIAN               NO 81, JALAN SERI IMPIAN 1                     07-556 6551               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN IMPIAN EMAS                                                                   
                                                           81300 SKUDAI, JOHOR BHARU, JOHOR                                        
22        KLINIK INTAN                         42, JALAN INDAH 1                                     07-236 5059               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN BUKIT INDAH                                                                    
                                                           81200 JOHOR BAHRU, JOHOR                                                       
23        KLINIK PERLING                     262, JALAN SIMBANG                                 07-230 9521               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN PERLING                                                                             
                                                           81200 JOHOR BAHRU                                                                     
24        KLINIK BINTANG UTAMA      261, JALAN UTAMA 1                                                                     JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN BINTANG UTAMA                                                             
                                                           81400 SENAI JOHOR                                                                       
25        POLIKLINIK DESARU              G-03 BLOCK A, JALAN RENGIT 1/1             011-5763 7656           JOHOR
             (CAW SG. RENGIT)               TAMAN RENGIT SENTRAL                                                              
                                                           81600 PENGERANG, JOHOR                                                           
26        KLINIK HARIS & SURGERI     206, JALAN ABDULLAH                               06-951 7504               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN SRI EMAS                                                                           
                                                           84000 MUAR JOHOR                                                                      
27        KLINIK KURNIA                      35 JALAN ORCHARD HEIGHT                      07-432 2518               JOHOR
                                                           TAMAN ORCHARD HEIGHT                                                            
                                                           83000 BATU PAHAT JOHOR                                                            

PAHANG (4)
1          KLINIK DR MONA                  B23, TGKT BAWAH, LORONG PADANG     09- 547 4127              PAHANG
                                                           PERMAI 40, JALAN SUNGAI LEMBING                                           
                                                           25200 KUANTAN PAHANG                                                             
2          KLINIK AL FARABI                  NO. B-2, JALAN DATO LIM HOE LEK 1,      09-513 2363               PAHANG
                                                           TRANSIT POINT                                                                               
                                                           25200, KUANTAN, PAHANG                                                           
3          KLINIK RAYYAN RIZQI            LORONG BANDAR PUTRA 7/1                    017-977 8300             PAHANG
                                                           PUTRA BUSINESS CENTER                                                              
                                                           26060 KUANTAN, PAHANG                                                            
4          KLINIK YU SDN BHD              A-257, STAR CITY                                         09-566 3734               PAHANG
                                                           JALAN BASERAH                                                                              
                                                           25300 KUANTAN, PAHANG                                                          

TERENGGANU (2)
1          KLINIK IDDRUS SDN BHD     LOT 29, BANDAR BARU SRI KERTEH          09 -826 1678              TERENGGANU
                                                           KERTEH                                                                                            
                                                           24300 KEMAMAN TERENGGANU                                                  
2          KLINIK DR RAZIN                   LOT 10657, BT 9                                          09-619 7786               TERENGGANU
                                                           BUKIT PAYONG                                                                               
                                                           21400 MARANG TERENGGANU                                                     
KELANTAN (17)
1          KLINIK MEDICURE WLY         LOT PT 704-G                                               09 – 955 1188            KELANTAN
                                                           PERSIARAN HUMAIRAH                                                                 
                                                           17500 TANAH MERAH KELANTAN                                                 
2          KLINIK FAEZ                           LOT PT 374                                                   09 - 783 4834             KELANTAN
                                                           MELOR                                                                                             
                                                           16400 KOTA BAHRU KELANTAN                                                    
3          KLINIK ZIAD AZHARI              LOT PT 1497                                                 09 - 782 5880             KELANTAN
            SDN BHD                               SRI KULIM MELOR                                                                          
                                                           16400 KOTA BAHRU KELANTAN                                                    
4          KLINIK PERDANA                   LOT PT 921, TAMAN BINARAYA                 09 - 766 6313             KELANTAN
            (PASIR TUMBOH)                  DESA DARUNAIM PASIR TUMBOH                                                
                                                           16150 KOTA BAHRU KELANTAN                                                    
5          KLINIK RAKYAT                      LOT 1089, SIMPANG 4                                09 - 765 7955             KELANTAN
                                                           PAUH PANJI (DEPAN JPJ)                                                                
                                                           16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan.                                                          
6          KLINIK IKHTIAR                      LOT 1972                                                      09 - 764 4460             KELANTAN
            KOTA JEMBAL                        KOTA JAMBAL                                                                                 
                                                           16100 KOTA BAHRU KELANTAN                                                    
7          KLINIK EHSAN                        LOT 1172, KEDAI KETEREH                         09-788 0241               KELANTAN
                                                           KOTA BAHRU                                                                                  
                                                           16450 KOTA BAHRU, KELANTAN                                                   
8          KLINIK PANCHO                     575, JALAN HOSPITAL                                 09-744 7386               KELANTAN
                                                           KOTA BAHRU                                                                                  
                                                           15400 KOTA BAHRU, KELANTAN                                                   
9          KLINIK PERDANA                   LOT 124, TINGKAT BAWAH                        09-744 6771               KELANTAN
            (CAW KG CINA)                      JALAN PCB KG CINA                                                                        
                                                           15351 KOTA BAHRU KELANTAN                                                    
10        KLINIK DR ALWANI                1597 SELISING                                                                                KELANTAN
                                                           PASIR PUTEH                                                                                   
                                                           16810 KELANTAN                                                                            
11        KLINIK MAHMOOD               LOT 2010                                                      09-912 1177               KELANTAN
                                                           BANDAR BARU                                                                                
                                                           18300 GUA MUSANG KELANTAN                                                  
12        KLINIK DR BADARIAH           LOT 2063                                                      09-912 3979               KELANTAN
                                                           BANDAR BARU                                                                                
                                                           18300 GUA MUSANG KELANTAN                                                  
13        KLINIK DR RAMZI                  LOT 1103                                                      09-765 1803               KELANTAN
                                                           SIMPANG EMPAT PAUH PANJI                                                       
                                                           15200 KOTA BHARU                                                                       
14        KLINIK DR. WAN                    LOT 168                                                                                           KELANTAN
                                                           KG. KUBANG KAWAH                                                                     
                                                           16300 BACHOK KELANTAN                                                             
15        KLINIK PERDANA                   PT 7971, BANGUNAN MDGM                    09-912 1108               KELANTAN
            GUA MUSANG                       STESYEN BAS LAMA, BANDAR LAMA                                            
                                                           18300 GUA MUSANG KELANTAN                                                  
16        KLINIK ARIFFIN                      BATU 3½, JALAN KUALA KRAI                    09-744 1588               KELANTAN
                                                           WAKAF CHE YAH                                                                             
                                                           15100 KOTA BAHRU KELANTAN                                                    
17        KLINIK PERDANA                   LOT 1324,                                                     09-790 5950               KELANTAN
            (CAW LEMAL)                        JALAN HOSPITAL 3                                                                          
                                                           17000 PASIR MAS, KELANTAN                                                       

SABAH (3)
1          PERMAI POLIKLINIK               LOT 3, BLOCK D, LORONG PUSAT KOMERSIAL 88/2,                   088 - 249 900            SABAH
            SRI KEPAYAN                         88 MARKETPLACE, JALAN PINTAS                                                  
                                                           88200 KOTA KINABALU SABAH                                                      
2          FAMILY CARE CLINIC              BLOCK A2-07, GROUND FLOOR                 088-760 777               SABAH
            (PAPAR)                                  PALM SQUARE COMMERCIAL CENTRE                                          
                                                           KINARUT, 89600 PAPAR, SABAH                                                    
3          KLINIK SURIA (LABUAN)       NO U0200                                                    087-504 969               SABAH
                                                           JALAN TUN MUSTAPHA                                                                  
                                                           87000 LABUAN SABAH                                                                 

SARAWAK (17)
1          KLINIK CAHAYA                      LOT 212, TINGKAT BAWAH                        082 – 425 735            SARAWAK
                                                           JALAN HAJI TAHA                                                                            
                                                           93400 KUCHING SARAWAK                                                            
2          KN LAW WOMEN                  NO 6, NEW LOT 5009                                  086 – 319 158            SARAWAK
            SPECIALIST CLINIC                  BLOCK 31 KEMENA LAND DISTRICT                                               
                                                           97000 BINTULU SARAWAK                                                             
3          KLINIK SYAZWANI                 196, GROUND FLOOR                                 086 - 342 024.            SARAWAK
                                                           ASSYAKIRIN COMMERCIAL SQUARE                                              
                                                           81200 BINTULU SARAWAK                                                             
4          KLINIK ANDREW                    GROUND FLOOR, S/L3,                               011 - 1058 3826         SARAWAK
                                                           LOT 374 GOLDEN SQUARE                                                             
                                                           94700 SERIAN SARAWAK                                                               
5          KLINIK CHAI                           56, SERIAN BAZAAR                                    082 - 874 658             SARAWAK
                                                           SERIAN                                                                                             
                                                           94700 SERIAN SARAWAK                                                               
6          KLINIK LUTONG                     LOT 1426, GROUND FLOOR                        085-491 382               SARAWAK
                                                           LUTONG NEW SHOPLOT                                                                 
                                                           98100 LUTONG, MIRI, SARAWAK                                                  
7          KLINIK DINAMIK                    LOT 431, GROUND FLOOR                          085-423 381               SARAWAK
                                                           JALAN BENDAHARA                                                                        
                                                           98000 MIRI SARAWAK                                                                    
8          KLINIK SRI TUNKU                 LOT 11211, GROUND FLOOR,                     017-809 0459             SARAWAK
                                                           BLOCK 5 LAMBIR LAND
                                                            DISTRICT PALM VILLA,                                                                    
                                                           COMMERCIAL CENTRE,
                                                            98000 MIRI SARAWAK                                                                    
9          KLINIK KONG                         1061 JALAN BINTANG JAYA 1                     085-424 730               SARAWAK
                                                           BINTANG JAYA COMMERCIAL CENTRE                                          
                                                           98000 MIRI SARAWAK                                                                    
10        KLINIK S K WONG                 LOT 2927 FARADALE SHOPHOUSE             085-438 787               SARAWAK
                                                           JALAN BULAN SABIT                                                                       
                                                           98000 MIRI SARAWAK                                                                    
11        LIM HEALTHCARE SERVICES NO. 1166, LOT 4648, LORONG SONG 3G                                      SARAWAK
                                                           TABUAN HEIGHT                                                                             
                                                           93350 KUCHING, SARAWAK                                                           
12        KLINIK CYRIL SONGAN          139,LOT 2044, JALAN PENRISSEN               082-618 001               SARAWAK
                                                           BATU 7, KOTA SENTOSA                                                                 
                                                           93250 KUCHING, SARAWAK                                                           
13        KLINIK KELLY LAU                  GROUND FLOOR, SUBLOT 21, LOT 3162   012-889 0655             SARAWAK
                                                           PENRISSEN ROAD,
                                                            SENTOSA CENTRAL, 7TH MILE,                                                      
                                                           93250 KUCHING, SARAWAK                                                           
14        KLINIK KOTARAYA MATANG                                                                     LOT 6949, WISMA MATANG       082-648 323           SARAWAK
                                                           BATU 4 1/2, JALAN MATANG                                                         
                                                           93050 KUCHING, SARAWAK                                                           
15        HARMONI MEDICAL              LOT 561 & 562 TGKT BAWAH                     085-668 232               SARAWAK
            SERVICES SDN BHD               JALAN PASAR LUTONG                                                                   
                                                           98100 LUTONG SARAWAK                                                             
16        KLINIK HAJI ROSLAN             NO 59, MEDAN SEPADU, JALAN KEPPEL   086-335 075               SARAWAK
                                                           SHAHIDA COMMERCIAL CENTRE                                                   
                                                           97000 BINTULU SARAWAK                                                             
17        KLINIK SATOK                        22F, GROUND FLOOR                                 082-414 994               SARAWAK
                                                           JALAN RUBBER, LORONG 14                                                          
                                93400 KUCHING SARAWAK